Entrance Examination Material – Biology
The biology test in English for the Sofia Medical University contains the following material.
The candidate should be prepared for the following:
| Nucleic acids: composition, structure, properties and functions of DNA and RNA.
Proteins: composition, structure, properties and functions: primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure of protein molecules. 3. Viruses. 4. Prokaryotic cells. 5. Structure of the cell membrane. Transport of substances across the cell membrane: diffusion, osmosis, passive transport, active transport. 6. membrane organelles: endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, lysosomes. secretion, phagocytosis, pinocytosis. mitochondria. chloroplasts. 7. Glycolysis. Krebs cycle. Energy sources in the cell: Role of ATP, Electron-transport chains and oxidative phosphorylation. 9. Cell nucleus. Structure of chromosomes. Karyotype. 10. DNA replication. 11. Transcription. 12. Ribosomes and translation. 13. Monohybrid and dihybrid cross. Mendel’s laws. 14. Chromosomal sex determination. Sex-linked inheritance. 15. Linked genes and crossing over. 16. Gene and chromosomal mutations. Cell cycle. Mitosis. 18. Meiosis. 19. Gametogenesis. 20. Fertilization. 21. Embryonic development of animals and humans. 22. Innate and adaptive immunity. 23. Evidence for evolution. 24. Modem concept of evolution. |
Entrance Examination Material – Biology
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